Tuesday, January 22, 2013

To [verb] Together / Each Other

(THIS POST IS NOT YET FINISHED!)


To [verb] together / each other:
  • kwandika -- to write
    • kwandikana -- to write together (i.e. to co-author)
    • kwandikira -- to write to
    • kwandikiranira -- to write each other, to correspond
  • kwambura -- to undress, but also to strip or rob
    • kwamburana -- literally,"to undress each other," with the natural connotations. Also can mean "to rob each other," depending on context.
  • kwambara -- to dress
    • kwambarana -- literally "to dress together," but also means "to swap or share clothes"
  • gutera -- to find
    • guterana -- literally "to find together with," but also means "to inherit"
  • guta -- to lose or throw away
    • gutana -- literally "to lose each other," but also means "to go separate ways"
  • kuzimira -- to get lost
    • kuzimirana -- literally "to get lost together," but also means the same thing as "gutana" -- "to go separate ways" 
  • kwimuka -- to move oneself
    • kwimukana -- to move oneself together with
  • guteka -- to cook
    • gutekana -- this is apparently a strange thing to say, as it suggests "to cook each other".  Instead one might say "guteka hamwe" -- "to cook |  one/same place" (see notes on "hamwe" below!)
  • kurya -- to eat
    • kuryana -- "to eat each other"; to fight (usually infighting, between brothers or others who shouldn't be fighting) or to have a strong disagreement.  A different verb -- "gusangira" -- means "to eat together."
  • gushaka -- to want
    • gushakana -- not used in Kirundi, but in Kinyarwanda means "to be married to each other."
  • kwicara -- to sit
    • kwicarana -- to sit with / together
  • gukunda -- to be cold
    • gukundana -- to be cold with / together
  • kugenda -- to travel or go
    • kugendana -- to travel or go together
  • guhaguruka -- to stand up
    • guhagurukana -- to stand up with / together
    • this word is in the national anthem of Burundi, refering to being knocked down and standing up, not with other people, but with greater strength...
  • gukora -- to work
    • gukorana -- to work with
  • gukunda -- to love
    • gukundana -- to love each other

  •  Clear exceptions to this pattern:
    • kwugara -- to close
      • kwugarana -- to lock out, or lock in

  •  In sentences:
    •  tuzozanana na David -- we will come together | with | David.
      • "tu" indicates "we"
      • used even if speaking of oneself, as David is included in "we"
    • nzozanana na David -- I will come together | with | David.
      • "nz" indicates "I"
      • "I will come" and "we will come" are equally valid and common expression in this case.
    • John na Peter barakorana -- John | and | Peter | they work together
      • gukorana -- to work with/together
      • bara -- indicates "they" (third person plural)


Variants of "mwe":
  • mwe -- a simplification of "mwebwe" meaning "you"
  • guteka hamwe" -- to cook |  one (place); to cook together
  • tuba hamwe -- to live | one (place); to live together
  • kuvuga rumwe -- to speak | one (number/language); to agree
  • kuvuga kimwe/cokimwe -- to speak | one (way); to speak the same way (accent, manner, etc.)
    • "kimwe/cokimwe" are used to indicate similarity or resemblance in behavior 
  • ikitabu kimwe -- book | one (number); one book
  • inhebe imwe -- chair | one (number)
  • inka imwe -- cow | one (number)
  • turi kumwe -- we are | one (place); "we are together", also a way of saying goodbye.


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